本文共 25412 字,大约阅读时间需要 84 分钟。
进入进阶篇,相信大家通过之前的入门篇已经有了一定的认识了,接下来就是我们通过RecyclerView实现一些自己的功能
可以先阅读
进阶一:点击事件、长按事件(实现adapter和Activity之间的通信)
RecyclerView要实现点击事件和长按事件可以在适配器中定义接口事件回调
1、定义对象private OnItemClickListener mOnItemClickListener;2、写接口,并定义方法/*** 通过在adapter定义接口实现回调*/public interface OnItemClickListener { //点击事件 void onItemClick(View view, int position); //长按点击事件 void onItemLongClick(View view, int position);}3、public void setOnItemClickListener(OnItemClickListener mOnItemClickListener) { this.mOnItemClickListener = mOnItemClickListener;}4、在adapter需要的地方调用事件if (mOnItemClickListener != null) { mOnItemClickListener.onItemClick(((ContentViewHolder) holder).llLayout, position - 1);}if (mOnItemClickListener != null) { mOnItemClickListener.onItemLongClick(((ContentViewHolder) holder).llLayout, position - 1);}5、Activity调用Adapter中的事件recyclerViewAdapter.setOnItemClickListener(new RecyclerViewAdapter.OnItemClickListener() { @Override public void onItemClick(View view, int position) { Toast.makeText(RecycleActivity.this, "点击了第" + position + "条", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } @Override public void onItemLongClick(View view, int position) { Toast.makeText(RecycleActivity.this, "长按了第" + position + "条", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); }});
进阶二:添加数据、删除某条数据
这里需要了解到刷新界面的多种方式
notifyDataSetChanged();//刷新整体布局 notifyItemChanged(position);//刷新指定position,会重新调用onBindViewHolder来进行刷新,如果当前position在屏幕之外,则不会调用,当重新滚动到屏幕内,会重新调用 notifyItemRangeChanged(position, 10);//刷新从position开始之后10条数据 notifyItemInserted(position);//在第position处插入数据,这个插入时会有动画 notifyItemMoved(position,5);//将当前position移动到position为5的地方,并且刷新 notifyItemRangeInserted(3,10);//批量增加 notifyItemRemoved(position);//删除第position条数据 notifyItemRangeRemoved(position, 10);//批量删除
/** * 删除某条数据 * * @param position */ public void removeData(int position) { mList.remove(position); notifyItemRemoved(position); notifyItemRangeChanged(position, mList.size()); } /** * 在指定position添加数据 * * @param position */ public void addData(int position, String msg) { if (mList == null) { mList = new ArrayList<>(); } if (position < mList.size()) { //说明这里是第一条 mList.add(position, msg); } else { mList.add(msg); position = mList.size() - 1; } notifyItemInserted(position); notifyItemRangeChanged(position, mList.size()); }
问题一:长按事件、点击事件同时发生
解决思路
在public boolean onLongClick(View v) {return true}
需要消费掉这个长按事件 返回true
进阶三:添加header、footer
思路
1、首先要区分头布局、中间布局、尾布局三种不同的type,通过设置一个int值来判断不同的布局2、通过getItemViewType来返回type3、在onCreateViewHolder中根据不同的viewType显示不同的布局4、在onBindViewHolder根据不同的holder加载不同的数据
注意
1、getItemCount这里需要返回的集合的数量+header数量+footer数量
2、当content布局中加载数据是通过position获取数据时需要将 position-1
1、添加三种不同的type来区分不同的布局
public static final int ITEM_TYPE_CONTENT = 0;public static final int ITEM_TYPE_FOOTER = 1;public static final int ITEM_TYPE_HEADER = 2;
2、添加头、尾布局数量
private int footerCount = 1;private int headerCount = 1;
3、根据position获取Item的类型
@Override public int getItemViewType(int position) { if (isHeaderView(position)) { return ITEM_TYPE_HEADER; } else if (isFooterView(position)) { return ITEM_TYPE_FOOTER; } else { return ITEM_TYPE_CONTENT; } }
4、根据不同的viewType显示不同的布局
@NonNull @Override public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup viewGroup, int viewType) { /** * 主要负责把加载子项的布局 * 将xml定义的布局实例化为view对象 */ if (viewType == ITEM_TYPE_FOOTER) { View view = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.recycler_footer_item, viewGroup, false); return new FooterViewHolder(view); } else if (viewType == ITEM_TYPE_HEADER) { View view = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.recycler_header_item, viewGroup, false); return new HeaderViewHolder(view); } else if (viewType == ITEM_TYPE_CONTENT) { View view = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.recyclerview_item, viewGroup, false); return new ContentViewHolder(view); } return null; }
5、根据不同的ViewHolder加载不同的数据(注意content中通过position加载数据position需要-1)
@Override public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder, int position) { //主要负责绑定数据 if (holder instanceof HeaderViewHolder) { } else if (holder instanceof FooterViewHolder) { } else if (holder instanceof ContentViewHolder) { ((ContentViewHolder) holder).tvItem.setText(mList.get(position - 1)); ((ContentViewHolder) holder).llLayout.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { if (mOnItemClickListener != null) { mOnItemClickListener.onItemClick(((ContentViewHolder) holder).llLayout, position - 1); } } }); ((ContentViewHolder) holder).llLayout.setOnLongClickListener(new View.OnLongClickListener() { @Override public boolean onLongClick(View v) { if (mOnItemClickListener != null) { mOnItemClickListener.onItemLongClick(((ContentViewHolder) holder).llLayout, position - 1); } return true; } }); } }
6、返回的集合数量(务必加上header、footer)
@Override public int getItemCount() { //返回集合的数量 return mList.size() + headerCount + footerCount; }
7、判断当前 item 是否是 FooterView
/** * 判断当前 item 是否是 FooterView */ public boolean isFooterView(int position) { return footerCount != 0 && position >= (footerCount + mList.size()); }
8、判断当前 item 是否是 HeaderView
/** * 判断当前 item 是否是 HeaderView */ public boolean isHeaderView(int position) { return headerCount != 0 && position < headerCount; }
需加
class HeaderViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder { public HeaderViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView) { super(itemView); } } class FooterViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder { public FooterViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView) { super(itemView); } }
问题一
当我们为recyclerView设置表格布局时,设置footer、header,如果不做任何处理就会出现下方错误
解决思路
1、通过setSpanSizeLookup重新设置显示的列数
2、通过判断当前view是footer、header,若是footer、header则占取整列,否则占取自己列
@Override public void onAttachedToRecyclerView(@NonNull RecyclerView recyclerView) { RecyclerView.LayoutManager manager = recyclerView.getLayoutManager(); if (manager instanceof GridLayoutManager) { //通过强转将manager转换成GridLayoutManager类型 final GridLayoutManager gridLayoutManager = (GridLayoutManager) manager; //通过setSpanSizeLookup重新设置显示的列数 gridLayoutManager.setSpanSizeLookup(new GridLayoutManager.SpanSizeLookup() { @Override public int getSpanSize(int position) { //通过判断当前view是否是footer、header //若是footer、header则占取整列,否则占取自己列 return (isHeaderView(position) || isFooterView(position)) ? gridLayoutManager.getSpanCount() : 1; } }); } }
进阶四:下拉刷新、上拉加载更多
下拉刷新:在RecyclerView布局外层添加SwipeRefreshLayout
上拉加载更多:通过RecyclerView的addOnScrollListener来判断房前滚动的状态是否是最后一个Item,来进行加载更多
1、布局
2、通过swipeRefreshLayout.setOnRefreshListener来进行下拉刷新
swipeRefreshLayout.setOnRefreshListener(new SwipeRefreshLayout.OnRefreshListener() { @Override public void onRefresh() { Handler handler = new Handler(); handler.postDelayed(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { /** *要执行的操作 */ recyclerViewAdapter.addData(0, "我是刷新出来的数据"); swipeRefreshLayout.setRefreshing(false); Toast.makeText(RecycleActivity.this, "下拉刷新成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }, 1500);//3秒后执行Runnable中的run方法 } });
3、通过调用addOnScrollListener来进行加载更多
onScrollStateChanged(@NonNull RecyclerView recyclerView, int newState)//滚动状态变化时的回调
onScrolled(@NonNull RecyclerView recyclerView, int dx, int dy)//滚动时回调
mRecyclerView.addOnScrollListener(new RecyclerView.OnScrollListener() { /** * * @param recyclerView 当前滚动的recyclerView * @param newState 当前滚动的状态 * * public static final int SCROLL_STATE_IDLE = 0;静止没有滚动 * public static final int SCROLL_STATE_DRAGGING = 1;正在被外部拖拽,即用户滑动 * public static final int SCROLL_STATE_SETTLING = 2;//自动滚动 * * */ @Override public void onScrollStateChanged(@NonNull RecyclerView recyclerView, int newState) { //滚动状态变化时的回调 super.onScrollStateChanged(recyclerView, newState); //先判断当前状态是否已停止 //判断最后一条数据+1是否是集合的数据 //判断是否滑动到最底部 if (newState == RecyclerView.SCROLL_STATE_IDLE && (lastVisibleItem + 1 == recyclerViewAdapter.getItemCount())) { //判断总数>0 说明可以加载更多 if (total > 0) { //判断total > count 说明还可以加载数据 if (total > count) { Toast.makeText(RecycleActivity.this, "上拉加载", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); count += 10;//每次加载10条 getData();//加载的数据 recyclerViewAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();//刷新适配器 } else { Toast.makeText(RecycleActivity.this, "没有数据加载了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } } else { Toast.makeText(RecycleActivity.this, "没有数据加载了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } } } /** * * @param recyclerView 当前滚动的recyclerView * @param dx 水平滚动距离 * dx > 0 时为手指向左滚动,列表滚动显示右面的内容 * dx < 0 时为手指向右滚动,列表滚动显示左面的内容 * @param dy 垂直滚动距离 * dy > 0 时为手指向上滚动,列表滚动显示下面的内容 * dy < 0 时为手指向下滚动,列表滚动显示上面的内容 */ @Override public void onScrolled(@NonNull RecyclerView recyclerView, int dx, int dy) { super.onScrolled(recyclerView, dx, dy); //滚动时回调 //最后一个可见Item lastVisibleItem = mLinearLayoutManager.findLastVisibleItemPosition(); } });
整体代码
为了更好的方便查,我把Activity和Adapter放在一起写,开发中大家一定要分开逻辑来操作
package com.example.androidhightproject.module;import android.content.Context;import android.graphics.Rect;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Handler;import android.support.annotation.NonNull;import android.support.v4.widget.SwipeRefreshLayout;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.support.v7.widget.*;import android.util.Log;import android.view.LayoutInflater;import android.view.View;import android.view.ViewGroup;import android.widget.LinearLayout;import android.widget.TextView;import android.widget.Toast;import com.example.androidhightproject.R;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;/** * @author dongbo */public class RecycleActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private ListmList = new ArrayList<>(); private RecyclerView mRecyclerView; private SwipeRefreshLayout swipeRefreshLayout; private int lastVisibleItem; private int total = 30; private int count = 10; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_recycle); mRecyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recycleview); swipeRefreshLayout = (SwipeRefreshLayout) findViewById(R.id.swipe_refresh_layout); /** * 设置布局管理器 * 默认垂直排布 LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL垂直 LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL水平 * boolean reverseLayout 默认是false 是否反转 * */ LinearLayoutManager mLinearLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this, LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL, false); mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(mLinearLayoutManager); //设置纵向默认排列// mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this, LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL, false)); //设置横向默认排列,这里需要注意改成横向列表,分割线需要改成横向// mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this,LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL,false)); //设置表格布局,这里需要注意的是,有很多需求是根据返回的数据显示表格的数量,所以分割线需要自己重新定义// mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new GridLayoutManager(this, 3)); //设置瀑布流显示// mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(2, StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL)); //默认的分割线 mRecyclerView.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(this, DividerItemDecoration.VERTICAL)); //设置自定义分割线// mRecyclerView.addItemDecoration(new SpaceItemDecoation(3)); //设置删除时的动画 mRecyclerView.setItemAnimator(new DefaultItemAnimator()); RecyclerViewAdapter recyclerViewAdapter = new RecyclerViewAdapter(getData(), this); mRecyclerView.setAdapter(recyclerViewAdapter); swipeRefreshLayout.setColorSchemeResources(R.color.colorAccent); swipeRefreshLayout.setOnRefreshListener(new SwipeRefreshLayout.OnRefreshListener() { @Override public void onRefresh() { Handler handler = new Handler(); handler.postDelayed(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { /** *要执行的操作 */ recyclerViewAdapter.addData(0, "我是刷新出来的数据"); swipeRefreshLayout.setRefreshing(false); Toast.makeText(RecycleActivity.this, "下拉刷新成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }, 1500);//3秒后执行Runnable中的run方法 } }); mRecyclerView.addOnScrollListener(new RecyclerView.OnScrollListener() { /** * * @param recyclerView 当前滚动的recyclerView * @param newState 当前滚动的状态 * * public static final int SCROLL_STATE_IDLE = 0;静止没有滚动 * public static final int SCROLL_STATE_DRAGGING = 1;正在被外部拖拽,即用户滑动 * public static final int SCROLL_STATE_SETTLING = 2;//自动滚动 * * */ @Override public void onScrollStateChanged(@NonNull RecyclerView recyclerView, int newState) { //滚动状态变化时的回调 super.onScrollStateChanged(recyclerView, newState); //先判断当前状态是否已停止 //判断最后一条数据+1是否是集合的数据 //判断是否滑动到最底部 Log.e("newState", newState + ""); if (newState == RecyclerView.SCROLL_STATE_IDLE && (lastVisibleItem + 1 == recyclerViewAdapter.getItemCount())) { //判断总数>0 说明可以加载更多 if (total > 0) { //判断total > count 说明还可以加载数据 if (total > count) { Toast.makeText(RecycleActivity.this, "上拉加载", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); count += 10;//每次加载10条 getData();//加载的数据 recyclerViewAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();//刷新适配器 } else { Toast.makeText(RecycleActivity.this, "没有数据加载了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } } else { Toast.makeText(RecycleActivity.this, "没有数据加载了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } } } /** * * @param recyclerView 当前滚动的recyclerView * @param dx 水平滚动距离 * dx > 0 时为手指向左滚动,列表滚动显示右面的内容 * dx < 0 时为手指向右滚动,列表滚动显示左面的内容 * @param dy 垂直滚动距离 * dy > 0 时为手指向上滚动,列表滚动显示下面的内容 * dy < 0 时为手指向下滚动,列表滚动显示上面的内容 */ @Override public void onScrolled(@NonNull RecyclerView recyclerView, int dx, int dy) { super.onScrolled(recyclerView, dx, dy); //滚动时回调 //最后一个可见Item Log.e("dx", dx + ""); lastVisibleItem = mLinearLayoutManager.findLastVisibleItemPosition(); } }); recyclerViewAdapter.setOnItemClickListener(new RecyclerViewAdapter.OnItemClickListener() { @Override public void onItemClick(View view, int position) { Toast.makeText(RecycleActivity.this, "点击了第" + position + "条", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); recyclerViewAdapter.addData(position, "我是添加的数据"); } @Override public void onItemLongClick(View view, int position) { Toast.makeText(RecycleActivity.this, "长按了第" + position + "条", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); recyclerViewAdapter.removeData(position); } }); } private List getData() { for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { mList.add("测试数据" + i);// mList.add("照片地址"); } return mList; }}class RecyclerViewAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter { /** * 首先要区分头布局、中间布局、尾布局三种不同的type,通过设置一个int值来判断不同的布局 * 通过getItemViewType来返回type * 在onCreateViewHolder中根据不同的viewType显示不同的布局 * 在onBindViewHolder根据不同的holder加载不同的数据 * 注意: * 1、getItemCount这里需要返回的集合的数量+header数量+footer数量 * 2、当content布局中加载数据是通过position获取数据时需要将position-1 */ private List mList; private Context mContext; private OnItemClickListener mOnItemClickListener; public static final int ITEM_TYPE_CONTENT = 0; public static final int ITEM_TYPE_FOOTER = 1; public static final int ITEM_TYPE_HEADER = 2; private int footerCount = 1; private int headerCount = 1; public RecyclerViewAdapter(List mList, Context mContext) { //大部分只有数据与上下文 this.mList = mList; this.mContext = mContext; } public void setOnItemClickListener(OnItemClickListener mOnItemClickListener) { this.mOnItemClickListener = mOnItemClickListener; } /** * 删除某条数据 * * @param position */ public void removeData(int position) { notifyItemRemoved(position); mList.remove(position); notifyItemRangeChanged(position, mList.size()); } /** * 在指定position添加数据 * * @param position */ public void addData(int position, String msg) { notifyItemInserted(position); if (mList == null) { mList = new ArrayList<>(); } if (position < mList.size()) { //说明这里是第一条 mList.add(position, msg); } else { mList.add(msg); position = mList.size() - 1; } notifyItemRangeChanged(position, mList.size()); } @Override public int getItemViewType(int position) { if (isHeaderView(position)) { return ITEM_TYPE_HEADER; } else if (isFooterView(position)) { return ITEM_TYPE_FOOTER; } else { return ITEM_TYPE_CONTENT; } } @Override public void onAttachedToRecyclerView(@NonNull RecyclerView recyclerView) { RecyclerView.LayoutManager manager = recyclerView.getLayoutManager(); if (manager instanceof GridLayoutManager) { //通过强转将manager转换成GridLayoutManager类型 final GridLayoutManager gridLayoutManager = (GridLayoutManager) manager; //通过setSpanSizeLookup重新设置显示的列数 gridLayoutManager.setSpanSizeLookup(new GridLayoutManager.SpanSizeLookup() { @Override public int getSpanSize(int position) { //通过判断当前view是否是footer、header //若是footer、header则占取整列,否则占取自己列 return (isHeaderView(position) || isFooterView(position)) ? gridLayoutManager.getSpanCount() : 1; } }); } } @NonNull @Override public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup viewGroup, int viewType) { /** * 主要负责把加载子项的布局 * 将xml定义的布局实例化为view对象 */ if (viewType == ITEM_TYPE_FOOTER) { View view = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.recycler_footer_item, viewGroup, false); return new FooterViewHolder(view); } else if (viewType == ITEM_TYPE_HEADER) { View view = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.recycler_header_item, viewGroup, false); return new HeaderViewHolder(view); } else if (viewType == ITEM_TYPE_CONTENT) { View view = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.recyclerview_item, viewGroup, false); return new ContentViewHolder(view); } return null; } @Override public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder, int position) { //主要负责绑定数据 if (holder instanceof HeaderViewHolder) { } else if (holder instanceof FooterViewHolder) { } else if (holder instanceof ContentViewHolder) {// Glide.with(mContext).load(mList.get(position-1)).into(((ContentViewHolder) holder).ivImage); ((ContentViewHolder) holder).tvItem.setText(mList.get(position - 1)); ((ContentViewHolder) holder).llLayout.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { if (mOnItemClickListener != null) { mOnItemClickListener.onItemClick(((ContentViewHolder) holder).llLayout, position - 1); } } }); ((ContentViewHolder) holder).llLayout.setOnLongClickListener(new View.OnLongClickListener() { @Override public boolean onLongClick(View v) { if (mOnItemClickListener != null) { mOnItemClickListener.onItemLongClick(((ContentViewHolder) holder).llLayout, position - 1); } return true; } }); } } @Override public int getItemCount() { //返回集合的数量 return mList.size() + headerCount + footerCount; } class HeaderViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder { public HeaderViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView) { super(itemView); } } class FooterViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder { public FooterViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView) { super(itemView); } } class ContentViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {// private final ImageView ivImage; private final TextView tvItem; private final LinearLayout llLayout; public ContentViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView) { super(itemView); tvItem = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.tv_item); llLayout = (LinearLayout) itemView.findViewById(R.id.ll_layout);// ivImage = (ImageView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.iv_image); } } /** * 通过在adapter定义接口实现回调 */ public interface OnItemClickListener { //点击事件 void onItemClick(View view, int position); //长按点击事件 void onItemLongClick(View view, int position); } /** * 判断当前 item 是否是 FooterView */ public boolean isFooterView(int position) { return footerCount != 0 && position >= (footerCount + mList.size()); } /** * 判断当前 item 是否是 HeaderView */ public boolean isHeaderView(int position) { return headerCount != 0 && position < headerCount; }}class SpaceItemDecoation extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration { private int space; public SpaceItemDecoation(int space) { this.space = space; } @Override public void getItemOffsets(@NonNull Rect outRect, @NonNull View view, @NonNull RecyclerView parent, @NonNull RecyclerView.State state) { super.getItemOffsets(outRect, view, parent, state); //如果不是第一个盒子设置一个居左和居下的边距 outRect.left = space; outRect.bottom = space; //大部分的需求都是3个 因为第一个都是你设置个数的倍数,所以通过取余来将左边距设置为0 if (parent.getChildLayoutPosition(view) % 3 == 0) { outRect.left = 0; } }}
最后
到此对于RecyclerView你已经可以实现项目中的使用,还有很多需要我们来探索,比如回收复用机制、缓存机制等等,我也正在学习~
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